Composite telegraph and telephone system.



G. L. BOPP.

COMPOSITE TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 17, 1907. 1,002,803, Patented Sept. 5, 1911 3SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLINTON L. BOPP, OF IEEERS, SOUTH DAKOTA.

COMPOSITE TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLINTON L. Borr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Meers, in the county of Stanley and State of South Dakota,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Telegraphand Telephone Systems; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to improvements in composite telegraph andtelephone system,

and particularly to that system in which a complete metallic circuit isprovided for the telephone system, and a ground return provided for thetelegraph system.

The invention comprises the production of a telephone line provided witha complete metallic system of wiring and means for connecting to saidline or wiring telegraph sets designed to use the wiring of thetelephone system as one line and the ground as the return,

The invention also comprises the production of a telephone line orsystem divided into divisions having respective terminals and means forrepeating a message from one division of the line to the other which maybe used in combination with means for using all or any of the divisionsof the telephone system for sending telephone messages.

The invention further comprises the production of a plurality ofdivisions of a telephone system, and a plurality of telegraph setsconnected thereto, each system being adapted to communicate over theline wires simultaneously without interfering with the other.

The invention still further comprises means for using a plurality oftelephone systems in such a way as to provide phantom circuits as anauxiliary to the main line, and so arranged as to have their messagesentirely independent thereof.

The object in view is the production of a device for producing means fora telephone system in which the telephone sets have a complete metalliccircuit and telegraph sets Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 17, 1907.

Patented Sept. 5, 1911.

Serial No. 397,904.

having a ground return, the telegraph sets being so arranged that two ormore different sets may be used at each end of the line.

Another object in view is the production of means for producing atelegraph and telephone system having means for producing phantomcircuits in the telephone system that will use the same line wires andbe adapted to operate independently of each other without any of themessages being confused.

A still further object in view is the production of a composite systemof sending messages comprising a metallic telephone system incombination with a telegraph system provided for the transmission ofthree different messages over the same division of the line wire at thesame time or at different times as may be desired, independently of eachother.

IVith these and other objects in view, the invention comprises certainnovel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts, as will behereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings :Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of ametallic telephone system connected up with my improved telegraphconnections. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing how two metallictelephone systems are connected up for permitting the passage oftelegraph messages from one telephone system to the other. Fig. 3 is adiagrammatic view of two telephone sets provided with metallic wiringand having connected thereto con necting devices for forming phantomcircuits. Fig, 4 is an enlarged detail diagram- Inatic view of a bridgeor duplex device formed according to the present invention.

In providing means for sending signals over wires it is very desirableto send as many signals over a single wire as possible without confusingthe same and to this end I have provided various connections and meansfor using one complete metalliccircuit for both a telephone andtelegraph system in connection with the ground as a return. In thepresent invention a special telegraph device is provided which is designed to be used for sending telegraphic messages as well as theordinary devices used in the Morse system.

Referring more particularly to the draw ings 1 indicates one line of ametallic circuit and 2 the other line, to which are connected telephonesets 3 and 4 of any usual or preferred construction. Telephone set 3 isconnected to wires 1 and 2 by wires 6 and 7 and set 4 is connected towires 1 and 2 by wires 8 and 9., In operation telephone sets 3 and 4 areused in the ordinary way, the electrical impulses passing through linewires 1 and 2, and connecting wires 6 and 7 and 8 and 9. As line wires 1and 2 and the connecting wires are of much less resistance than themeans connected thereto, the telephonic messages will simply go from onetelephone set to the other without lnterference.

Connected to line wire 2 are bridges or duplex apparatuses A and B.Bridge B is connected to line wire 1 by blndlng post 10 and to line wire2 binding post 11 so that any current passing over telegraph wire 12will divide and pass onto line wires 1 and 2 of the telephone system anduse the same as a single wire, there being a ground return provided ashereinafter more fully described. Connected to binding post 10 is aresistance 13 which in turn isconnected at point 14 to wires 15 and 16.Connected to wires 15 and 16 at points 17 and 18 are wires 20 and 21.Wires, 20 and 21converge V evenly divided at point 25.

and are connectedtogether at 22 and have connected thereto at point 22 aresistance 23 which, in turn, is secured: to binding post 11 or wire 2.Wires 15 and 16 are designed to be. of the same resistance and alsowires 20 and. 21 of the sameresistance so that any current passing overany of the wires or through resistance 13 and 23 willbe of the samepotential orvoltage atpoints 17 and 18. Connected to wires 17 and 18arere-' sistances 2424 which are designed to be of the same ohmicresistance so that current passing over wire 12 to points 17 and 18 is 7By this construction currents from telephone sets 3 and 4 are chokedback by the coils of resistance in bridge B as the same has aneasier-path to flow from one set to the other. v However, the telegraphimpulses from key 26 are designed to pass over wire 12 and throughbridge B to line-wires 1 and 2 and from thence to bridge A and through Ato wire 27, from wire 27 to resistance in the form of choke coil 28,wire 29 to key 30 to relay or I sounder 31 and wire 32, battery 33, and

' relay 40. From sounder 40 the current con tinues to flow through wire41, key 26, wire wires 34 and 35 to the earth. From the earth thecurrent can flow back to wires 36 and 37, battery 38, and wire 39 tosounder or 42, and choke coil 43 back to choke coil 28, thus completingthe circuit. When the circuit has been traced from wire 12 to thecircuit and back again, of course, it will be understood, that thecurrent starts from the batteries when the circuit is closed but willtravel in the way just set forth. Bridge A is constructed exactly thesame as bridge B and also the surrounding connections and mechanisms areof the same kind, and messages going from key 30 over wire 27 to bridgeB and key 26 will travel in a similar manner to messages from key 26 tokey 30, and in view of this fact no further description will be neededin regard to bridge A and surrounding parts. From this it will be seenthat two metallic line wires 1 and 2 of the telephone set are used as asingle wire by the telegraph set and the ground is used as a return. Thecurrent used in the telegraph set is simply a pulsating current of anydesired potential as is usual, but of suflicient tension to pass throughthe various resistances interposed in the circuit. The telephonecurrents of sets 3 and 4, however, will be choked back as the same areof alternating nature and cannot readily pass through the choke coils 28and 43. The relay or sounder 40 and the key 26, together with relay 31and key 30, are of the usual type of the ordinary Morse system and maybe of the kind for sending a single message or two or more messageswhich may be desired. By this arrangement the ordinary Morse system canbe connected up to the telephone system without interfering in the leastwith the same, or causing the telephone system to interfere with thetelegraph messages.

In addition to the ordinary Morse instrument used I provide especiallyconstructed systems or apparatuses C and to be used independent of theMorse devices for sending and receiving telegraphic messages. Sets C andD are of identical construction, therefore, it will be only necessary tospecifically describe one. In constructing the special kind of telegraphinstrument as C and D I use a transforming induction coil preferablysimilar to the coil described in my Patent No. 844,240 in which hightension or comparatively high tension currents and also alternating andpulsating currents are provided from a direct current. In thetransforming coil I connect the secondary winding 44 thereof to relays45 and 46 by means of wires 47, 48 and 49, and switch 50. By this meanswhenever there is an impulse or current passing through primary winding51 from battery 52 the armature 53 of relays 45 and 46 will be moved.The armature 53 is magnetized so as to be of the polarized type ofrelays in order to only be moved by an impulse of current in onedirection. By this means whenever key 54 is operated and the circuit ofbattery 52 is completed, armature 53 will be attracted by relay 45 andclose the circuit of a local sounder 55 and cause the same to operate inthe usual manner. When key 54 is released and the circuit for battery 52opened and current dies down in winding 51 a reverse current will begenerated in winding 44 and consequently a reverse current will bepassed through relays 45 and 46 as the same are connected by wire 56.This will open the circuit of local sounder 55 as will be evident. Inthis way sounder 45 is operated every time that key 54 is closed andthen opened again. At the same time that current flows through relays 45and 45 part of the current will be divided and pass upward through wires57 and 12 and from thence through bridge B, wires 1 and 2, bridge A,wire 27, and wire 58, relays 59 and 60 of set D, wire 61, condenser 62,wire 35 to the ground, through the ground to wire 86 and from thence toWinding 44 through condenser 63. As current flows in this circuitthrough relays 59 and 60 armature 64 is moved and closes the circuit ofa local sounder 65. In this way whenever key 54 is opened and closedsounder 65 is opened and closed as well as sounder 55 so that theoperator at the sending key may hear his own message as well as theoperator at a distantstation. In the circuit for battery 52 is arrangedthe primary winding 51, key 54, buzzer 66 and condenser 67.

The buzzer 66 is provided in order that when the operator at one stationdesires to call the other station, by closing switch 68 the buzzer isoperated and a constant series of impulses is sent over the line tooperate the relay 65 at the other end. When the station called hasanswered, the switch 68 is then opened and key 54 is used to send themessage. The condenser, as will be evident, is designed to lessen orentirely kill the sparking at key 54. Buzzer 66 may be thrown into andout of operation as desired by the switch 68. By this constructioncurrent from battery 52 has but a short circuit so that the same may,without difiiculty, provide ample current for winding 51 for causingsufficient current to be generated in the secondary winding 44 foroperating relays 45 and 46 and 59 and 60. It will, of course, be evidentthat key 69, condenser 70, battery 71 and primary winding 72 are similarin construction and operation to the corresponding parts in set C.

By the present construction and arrangement of various means severalmessages may be sent over the same wire at the same time without in theleast interfering with each other. The operator at key 26 may be sendinga message at the same time that the telephone set is in use and yet theoperator at key 30 receives the same in the usual manner. Also at thesame time the operator at key 54 may send a message to the operator atkey 69 without interfering with the other two messages. By this methodit will be seen that three messages may be easily sent over the samewire at the same time when the ordinary Morse system is used. It will benoted, however, that the telephone mes sages ,are transmitted over acomplete metallic circuit while the various telegraph messages, both ofthe ordinary Morse sys tem and my improved device, will be pro videdwith a ground return, though, of course, if it is desired, another wiremightbe added to be used in place of the ground.

In providing connections for telegraph systems such as the bridges B andC I find that the same are well adapted to be used, not only inpermitting the use of metallic telephone systems to be usedfor sendingtelegraph messages thereover, but also for furnishing means by which intwo or more metallic telegraph systems a phantom circuit or circuits maybe provided without the necessity of any additional wires.

In connecting and arranging the bridging devices for providing phantomcircuits I preferably arrange the same as shown in Fig. 3. Referringmore particularly to this figure, E represents a complete metallictelephone system to which are connected telephone sets 7 8 and 74 of anyor preferred type. In proximity to the telephone system E is anothertelephone system F provided with any usual and preferred telephone sets75 and 76. In using telephone sets E and F the same are designed tooperate in the usual way and messages may be sent from one end of thesystem to an other as may be desired. By using each system independentonly two systems are provided and two circuits for the flow of current.Connected to the telephone system E near one end or at any desired pointalong the same is a bridge G constructed similar to bridges A and B.Connected to the opposite. end of the system E or any desired pointalong the same is another bridge H of the same construction as bridge G.Bridges I and J are also provided along the system F of similarconstruction to bridges G and II and are designed to operate inconnection with the same. Connected to bridges Cr and I by Wires 77 and78 is a telephone set 79 of any usual or preferred construction so thatwhen using the same the two wires of telephone set E will act as onewire and two wires of telephone set F will act as the other wire.Secured to bridges H and J by wires 80 and S1 is a telephone set 82which is designed to communicate with telephone set 79. In operation,current passing from telephone set 82 will travel through wire 80,bridge or connecting device H to the two wires of the telephone set Ethrough the same to bridge G and over bridge G through wire 77 totelephone set 79. From telephone set 79 current will then pass throughwire 78, bridge I over the two wires of telephone system F to bridge Jand from bridge J through wire 81 back to telephone set 82, thuscompleting a complete system. It will be observed that the currentflowing in this way has no metallic circuit of its own in the strictsense but uses both wires of telephone system E as one wire for sendingthe message and both wires of the telephone set F for acting as a returnso that the circuit is what I term a phantom circuit, as it is notprovided with independent wires. This, as will be evident, forms acomplete telephone system independent of systems E or F so that the twosystems E and F with the bridging attachments secured thereto providemeans for three circuits or systems.

By a slight'addition to the bridges G, H, Iand J, still another phantomcircuit may be provided, the ground being used as a return, and all fourwires of systems E and F being used as one-half of the circuit. Inproviding this phantom circuit with the ground as a return I usetelephone sets 83 and 8 1. Assuming that a message is being sent fromset 83 to set 841, the current will leave set 83 and pass through wire85, and

bridge or duplexing apparatus K and from thence divide and pass overwires 86 and 87 to bridges Gr and I, respectively. In passing to bridgesG and I the current does not pass entirely through the bridges but bymeans of wires 88 and 89 and 90 and 91, respec tively, simply passthrough the outer resistance that connects the bridge proper to the linewires of the respective systems. By

this arrangement the current is not compelled to pass through thebalance wires of the bridge or the balanced resistances positionedwithin the bridge and consequently has an easier path to reach the linewires. Passing from the bridges G and I respectively over the line wiresof systems E and F, the current passes through the resistances ofbridges H and J respectively, and from the inner end of the resistancesthat connect the bridges proper to their respective line wires to wires92 and 93 over wires 94: and 95 and 96 and 97. Fro1n wires 92 and 93,the current enters bridge L, which is of similar construction to theother bridges of the system and from thence over wire 98 to thetelephone set 84:. From telephone set 84 current passes by wire 99 tothe ground, through the ground to wire 100 and over the same to set 83,thus completing the circuit. From this it will be clearly seen that thesecond phantom circuit provided uses all four of the line wires ofsystems E and F as half of its circuit and the ground as the other halfor return. This will positively prevent any current from any of theother systems entering this system and consequently no disturbances ofthe messages can take place.

In addition to using the present invention for providing phantomcircuits and thus increasing the use of the wire I provide means bywhich various systems or telephone lines may be connected up in series,that is, one system as an extension of the other. In addition toconnecting the telephone system up for use as extended telephone lines Imay also connect the same up in various ways by my. improved means sothat telegraph messages may also be sent over all the lines soconnected.

In connecting up various telephone lines the same may be done in variousways, but in order to disclose one way of so connect-- ing up thetelephone lines I have disclosed means in Fig. 2 by which the same maybe done with little expense. Referring more particularly to Fig. 2, Mand N represent telephone systems of any desired kind as, for instance,system A as shown in Fig. 1. When two or more of the systems areconnected up as seen in Fig. 2, they are known as sections of anextended system. Connected to system M is a. bridge 0 of the type ofbridge disclosed in Fig. 1 at B. Bridge 0 is connected to division orsystem M at binding posts 101 and 102 so as to provide a path for theflow of current from wire 103 to the telephone system. By this meanswhen telegraph current or impulse passes over the line wires of divisionNI the same will pass through bridge 0 and from thence to wire 103. Fromwire 103 current will pass through relay or sounder 104, wire 105, key106, wire 107, resistance 108, and bridge P, connected to system N, overbridge P, to the line wires of division N, and from line wires ofdivision N to the earth as described in regard to Fig. 1, through theearth back to line wires of system M, this completing the circuit. ire103 is connected by wire 109 to a condenser 110 and resistance 108 isconnected by wire 111 to condenser 112. By the use of the condensers 110and 112 either the ordinary Morse instruments, as key 106 and sounder 101, may be used, or my improved sets as indicated at C and D in Fig. 1may be used or, if desired, both may be used. The telephone set M isprovided with a socket 113 connected by wires 114 and 115 to bindingpost 101 and 102, respectively, so that a plug may be inserted in socket113 and the line wires of division M may be connected to the line wiresof division N through plug sockets 116, the socket 116 being'connectedto the line wires by wires 117 and 118 respectively. If desired, othermeans may be inserted or substituted for sockets 113 and 116 as, forinstance, ordinary telephone sets. By this arrangement is will beclearly seen that any desired number of telephone systems may beconnected up for forming continuous lines over which telephonic andtelegraphic messages may be sent and the line act as a through line aswell as for local purposes. In addition, if desirable, the telephonesystem may be con nected up by plug and connecting wires of ordinary orpreferred construction for con necting any two or more systems oftelephone wires for permitting telephonic messages to be sent over asmany systems as desired.

The present construction and arrangement of bridging devices andespecially constructed telegraphic instruments, and means for connectingthe same to the line and also for connecting the bridges to the line,pro vides various advantages that are of special value. By using myimproved bridge and special construction of telegraph instru ment acomposite system is provided with means for sending two or moretelegraphic messages over the telephone line wires at the same time thata telephone message is being sent. By slightly changing thearrangementof connection at the bridges as seen in Fig. 3, a telephonicsystem is provided in which four complete, independent circuits areestablished with the use of only two complete metallic circuits. Again,by slightly changing the connection of the bridges and the telegraphinstruments two telephonic lines may be so connected up as to provide athrough line for telegraph messages and also, if desired, a through linefor telephonic messages.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for From the construction andarrangement of the present invention together with the variouscombinations and arrangements of parts, a number of improved systems ispresented and. many desirable results accomplished.

What I claim is 1. In a composite telephone and telegraph system, thecombination with a transmission line, of high tension current telegraphsets, each set comprising a trans mitting induction coil, a polarizedreceiving apparatus and condenser connected with the induction coil, alocal circuit containing a source of current, an open circuit telegraphkey, a condenser bridging its contact points to lessen sparking, abuzzer, and telephone sets connected to the transmission line andarranged to communicate with each other.

2. In a composite telephone and telegraph system, a metallic circuit,telephone sets connected to the circuit and arranged to communicate, abridging device connected to the ends of the circuit and comprising apair of coils of equal resistance, a pair of wires of equal resistanceconnected at their ends to each of the resistances, a pair of balancedresistances connected with the wires intermediate of their length, awire connected between the balanced resistances,atelegraph set ofcomparatively high potential connected with the last mentioned wire, animpedance connected with the last mentioned wire, and a telegraph set ofcomparatively low potential connected with said impedance.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CLINTON L. BOPP.

Witnesses BYRON S. PAYNE, WALTER S. ROWE.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington,D. G.

